阳离子水性聚氨酯的合成及其固色性能的研究

Synthesis and Fixing Properties of Waterborne Cationic Polyurethane

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、N-甲基二乙醇胺、1,4-丁二醇和三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)为硬段,以聚四氢呋喃二醇为软段,采用预聚体法合成一系列阳离子水性聚氨酯(WPU)乳液,并考察了R值、TMP含量对阳离子WPU乳液性能、胶膜的力学性能和耐水性以及处理过织物的耐摩擦牢度的影响。结果表明,当R值为1.10时,阳离子WPU胶膜耐水性较好,力学性能适中,处理过的织物相比未处理过的干、湿摩擦牢度均提高1级。当TMP质量分数为0.9%时,阳离子WPU胶膜耐水性能良好,力学性能较好,织物干摩擦牢度提高1级,湿摩擦牢度提高1~2级,固色性能最佳。

A series of cationic waterborne polyurethane （WPU） was synthesized by the prepolymer polymeri- zation based on isophorone diisocyanate, N-methyl diethanolamine, 1,4-butanediol and trimethylol-propane（TMP） as hard segments and polytetramethylene ether glycolas as soft segments. The effects of the isocyanate index （R val- ue） and TMP contents on the properties of the cationic WPU emulsions were investigated. The results showed that, when R value was 1.10, the water resistance of cationic WPU film was better, the mechanical properties were suit- able, and both the dry and wet rubbing fastness of treated fabric were improved 1 grade compared to the untreated one. When TMP content was 0. 9%, the water resistance and mechanical properties of WPU film were better, the dry rubbing fastness was improved 1 grade, wet rubbing fastness was improved about 1 - 2 grade, the fixing property was the best.