对汽车智能化进程及其关键技术的思考

On automobile intelligentization and key technologies

随着控制、感知、通信和执行器技术的飞速发展,以电动化、自动化及网联化为基础的智能汽车成为汽车行业发展一大趋势,而汽车智能化所带来的技术挑战性问题也成为人们关注的热点。从汽车自动化、智能化的发展进程来看,汽车智能化可分为驾驶辅助、半自动化、高度自动化和完全自动化4个阶段。本文对当前汽车智能化研究中以车企和IT行业所主导的2条技术路线进行介绍,深入分析了汽车智能化在各个发展阶段的特征和含义,并概括了汽车智能化所面临的多源信息融合感知、智能汽车控制架构协调决策控制、人机交互与拟人共驾等挑战性问题。最后,对中国汽车企业智能化发展提出建议。

With the rapid development of control, perception, communication and actuator technology, the intelligent vehicle based on electrification, automation and networking has become a major trend ＂in the automotive industry. At the same time, the challenges posed by the intelligent vehicle have raised great interest. From the perspective of automotive automation and intelligent development process, automobile intelligentization can be divided into four stages including driver-assist, semi-automatic, highly automated and fully automated. This paper introduces two technical routes of the present automotive intelligence research which are＇dominated by automobile enterprises and research institutes. Also given are deep analysis of the characteristics and meanings for each aforementioned development stage of automobile intelligentization. The challenging problems of automobile intelligentization such as multi-source information fusion, intelligent car control architecture, interactive driving are summarized. Finally, some suggestions on the intelligent development of Chinese automobile enterprises are given.