《中医药-中药材重金属限量中药材重金属限量》ISO国际标准下中药材重金属污染现状与分析

Statistic analysis of heavy metal residues in Chinese crude drugs with the international standards of Chinese Medicine-Chinese Herbal Medicine Heavy Metal Limit

本研究通过文献的收集并整理了中药材中重金属铅、砷、镉、汞的含量数据,以《中医药-中药材重金属限量》ISO国际标准为依据,分析了中药材中4种重金属元素的污染情况。结果显示,4种重金属的超标率分别为3.46%、4.03%、2.91%、1.41%。4种重金属均为动物类超标最高,另外,花、叶、全草所含重金属超标率较高;根和根茎类、茎木类次之,重金属超标率最小的为果实和种子类。分析发现目前各国家和地区的重金属限量标准主要根据植物类药材设定,还未有针对动物类药材制定的重金属限量标准,因此建议加快对动物类中药材重金属的研究及标准制定工作。

Through collection and analysis of relevant literature, the contents of heavy metals lead, arsenic, cadmium and mercury in Chinese herbal medicine are statistically analyzed under the ISO international standard of ＂Chinese medicine - Chinese herbal medicine heavy metal＂ . It is shown that the four kinds of heavy metals have excess rates of 3.46%, 4.03%, 2.91% and 1.41%, respectively, being the highest excessive ones in animal species. In addition, flowers, leaves, and whole grass have relatively higher contents of heavy metals, and they are followed by root and rhizome, stems and trees, while fruit and seed classes have the minimum exceeding rates for heavy metals. At present, the limits of heavy metals in various countries and regions are mainly based on plant medicinal materials, and there is no unique limit to heavy metals in animal medicines. Therefore, it is necessary to speed up the research and standard development of heavy metals in animal medicines.