基于QAR数据的民航发动机尾气污染物排放量估算

Estimation of exhausts pollution emissions for civil aircraft engine based on QAR data

对现有航空发动机尾气污染物排放估算模型进行总结与分析,重点对一阶逼近3.0尾气颗粒污染物(particulate matter,PM)估算方法和ICAO尾气气体污染物估算方法进行了详细的研究。借助QAR记录的发动机相关性能数据,利用ICAO公布的排放指数,用一阶逼近3.0方法来估算CFM56民航发动机一个LTO阶段尾气颗粒污染物的排放情况,用ICAO气体排放模型估算CFM56民航发动机一个LTO阶段NO_x、CO、HC气体的排放情况。最终得到CFM56发动机一个典型航班LTO阶段的尾气污染物排放总体情况。实例计算得到CFM56发动机一个典型航班LTO阶段的排放情况为:NO_x,5 683.61 g;CO,3 821.89 g;HC,208.946 g;PM,121.287 g。本文提出的单机尾气污染物排放量估算方法可推广应用到估算整个机队LTO阶段的污染物排放量,以及整个机队某个时间段的排放情况,对评估机场附近区域大气环境提供了重要参考数据。

This article summarizes and analyzes the existing calculation models of aero-engine pollutant emissions, with a focus on the calculation methods of the First Order Approximation 3.0 for Particulate Matter and the ICAO models for exhaust gas pollutants.Based on engine performance QAR data and emission indexes published by ICAO, the First Order Approximation 3.0 method was used to estimate the PM pollutant of a CFM56 engine in an LTO flight stage, and the ICAO emissions model was adopted to estimate the gaseous emissions of NOx, CO, and HC of a CFM56 engine.Finally, pollution emissions data for the CFM56 engine for a typical LTO flight stage were obtained.The case study indicates that the emissions from a CFM56 engine during a typical LTO flight stage are：5 683.61 g of NOx, 3 821.89 g of CO2, 208.946 g of CO, and 121.287 g of PM.The emissions method for a plane in an LTO flight stage can be extended to calculate the pollutant emissions of the whole fleet during LTO, as well as whole fleet emissions for a given period, which provides important reference data for assessing the atmospheric environment of areas near airports.