台湾地区的土地整理模式及其对大陆农村地区的启示

Land Readjustment in Taiwan and Its Enlightenments to Rural Areas of China's Mainland

台湾地区自20世纪40年代以来,经过了将近70年的土地整理的探索和发展,形成了相对成熟的土地整理制度,当前主要的土地整理模式有区段征收、市地重划、农村社区土地重划和农地重划,完善的土地整理工具和法律法规体系为近几十年来的农业现代化、城镇化有序发展和经济腾飞提供了重要的支撑和保障。文章通过梳理台湾地区土地整理的模式类型和发展历程,比较不同土地整理模式的特征并对实施效果进行评价,旨在为当前处在转型发展阶段的大陆农村地区的集体土地,特别是集体建设用地的优化和整理提供有益的启示。

After nearly 70 years of exploration and development, Taiwan has formed a relative mature system of land readjustment since the 1940s. As a result, four main tools of land readjustment have formed, which are Zone Expropriation, Urban Land Readiustment, Rural Community Land Readjustment and Farmland Readjustment. Both the land readjustment tool and the relevant legislatioins contribute significantly to the great progresses in Taiwan＇s agricultural modernization, urbanization and economic development in the past decades. This paper analyzes the land readjustment tool of Taiwan and compared their effectiveness in a systematice way and concludes with the inspirations they may bring to the rural areas of China＇s Mainland which is undergoing dramatic transformation, in particular the reform on the land management of optimizing and readjusting the collective-owned rural construction land.