某市975名医院放射诊疗工作人员健康状况分析

Analysis on Healthy Status of 975 Radiation Diagnosis and Treatment Staff in Hospitals in a City

目的探讨某市6家医院放射诊疗工作人员的职业健康监护情况、从事放射诊疗工作人员的健康现况,为进一步做好医疗机构放射工作人员的职业健康监护工作,及时发现职业禁忌证,为用人单位合理的安排放射诊疗工作岗位的人员、完善职业健康监护管理提供科学依据。方法选择医院放射工作场所监测合格、放射防护用品使用符合国家标准的医疗机构的放射工作人员975例为调查对象,对其进行职业健康体检,对体检结果进行分析。结果可以从事放射岗位作业者有746人,占76.5%,需要复查(如血常规、血压、血糖、甲状腺功能等)者有198人,占20.3%,项目不全者有31人,占3.2%,经复查后暂时脱离放射工作者有3人,占0.3%。体检结果异常检出率最高的是肝功能异常(27.1%),其余依次为脂肪肝(24.8%)、尿常规异常(22.2%)、血常规异常(18.6%)等。高血压(χ~2=67.215,P=0.000)、高血糖(χ~2=37.193,P=0.000)、心电图异常(χ~2=10.956,P=0.012)检出率与各工龄组间比较差异有统计学意义,异常检出率随着工龄的增加呈上升趋势;高血压(χ~2=53.335,P=0.000)、高血糖(χ~2=42.776,P=0.000)检出率与不同年龄组比较差异有统计学意义,异常检出率随着年龄的增加呈上升趋势。结论长期低剂量接触对放射诊疗工作人员健康有一定影响,从事医院放射诊疗工作人员的职业健康不容忽视。

Objective To investigate the occupational health monitoring of radiation diagnosis and treatment staff in six hospitals in a city, to further improve the occupational health monitoring of radiation workers in medical institutions, timely discovery of occupational contraindication, it can provide scientific basis for the personnel to arrange radiation diagnosis and treatment staff and treatment work and improve the management of occupational health monitoring. Methods 975 radiographers of medical institutions who were qualified in the workplace monitoring and radiation protection according to the national standards were selected as the objects of investigation, and occupational health physical examination to the medical institutions was conducted, health examination results were statistically analyzed. Results There were 746 of the radiographers who could go on original work, accounting for 76.5%; 198 of the radiographers need review （ such as blood routine, blood pressure, blood glucose, thyroid function, etc.）, accounting for 20.3 %; Physical examination items of 31 of the radiographers, accounting for 3.2 %; 3 of radiographers were temporarily separated from radiation after review, accounting for 0.3%. The highest detectable rate was liver function abnormality （27.1%）, the rest were fatty liver （24.8%）, abnormal urine routine （22.2%） and blood abnormalities （18.6%）. High blood pressure （X2=67.215, P=0.000）, high blood glucose （X2=37.193, P=0.000）, abnormal electrocardiogram （X2=10.956, P=-0.012）, the detection rate of abnormal ECG, the abnormal detection rate increased with the increase of service; The detection rate of hypertension （X2=53.335, P=0.000）, hyperglycemia （X2=42.776, P=0.000） and different age groups showed statistical significance, the abnormal detection rate increased with the increase of age. Conclusion It should not be neglected that long- term low exposure has some influence on the occupational health of radiographers in hospitals.