基于产业升级的西部民族地区就业结构研究

Research on Industry Upgrading-based Employment Structure in the Ethnic Areas of Western China

民族地区产业升级与就业结构的演变具有非典型性特征。统计西部民族地区的就业弹性系数、比较劳动生产率以及产业就业结构偏离度的数据发现,第一产业内剩余劳动力转移的任务仍然较重,第二产业就业结构滞后于产业调整,优先发展第三产业对人力资源的依赖大。针对于民族地区产业发展底子薄、就业结构欠均衡的整体状况,有必要通过延伸农业产业链,促进资源导向型产业升级,发展优势服务产业等政策导向,来实现就业结构与产业升级的良性互动。

Industry upgrading and evolution of employment structure in the ethnic areas are of a typical chara- teristics. Statistics is made of employment elasticity coefficient in the ethnic areas of western China, and compar- isons are made between productivity and the data of employment structure deviation. The results suggest that sur- plus labor force migration task within the first industry remains heavy, employment structure in the second indus- try legs behind industry adjustment, priority in development of the tertiary industry is heavily dependent on hu- man resources. Based on weak foundation of industry development in the ethnic areas and the overall conditions of the imbalanced employment structure,efforts need to he made to extend agricultural industry chain, promote re- source-oriented industry upgrading and develop industries with comparative advantages, which contributes to be- nign interaction between industry upgrading and employment structure.