变化中的学生媒体使用模式：来自德国的调查结果

Student media usage patterns in transition: Results from a survey in Germany

3,666名德国大学生分别在2012年(N=2,339)和2015年(N=1,327)参加旨在了解传统和所谓非传统学生媒体使用模式的调查。他们提供了自己拥有或可以使用的数字设备的情况以及在学习过程使用媒体、e-learning工具和服务的情况。数字媒体和教育技术的发展是高等教育一个充满活力的领域,因此本研究特别关注2012-2015年间媒体使用行为的变化,采用潜在类别分析法分析学生反馈,并据此建立媒体使用模式分类系统。研究发现了四种媒体使用模式:娱乐型用户、外围用户、高级用户和工具型用户。工具型用户中非传统学生多于传统学生。总体而言,所有(数字)媒体、工具和服务的使用频率在2012-2015年间呈下降趋势。本文还简要介绍了一项质性研究的设计,以深化和进一步验证本研究的量化结果。

A total of 3,666 students at German universities participated in a survey in 2012(N=2,339)and2015(N=1,327),which investigated media usage patterns of traditional and so-called non-traditional students(NTS).The students provided information on the digital devices that they own or have access to,and on their usage of media and e-learning tools and services for their learning.As the development of digital media and educational technology is a dynamic field in higher education,special emphasis is placed on the changes of media usage behaviour between 2012 and 2015.Based on the students’responses,a typology of media usage patterns was established by means of a latent class analysis(LCA).Four types or profiles of media usage patterns were identified.These types were labeled entertainment users,peripheral users,advanced users and instrumental users.Non-traditional students are over-represented in the cluster of instrumental users.In general,we find a decrease in the frequency of use of all(digital)media,tools and services from 2012 until 2015.The design of a qualitative research project to further deepen and validate quantitative results of the current study is outlined in this paper.