桐乡市农村成年居民饮食行为调查

Dietary behavior of rural adult residents in Tongxiang,Zhejiang province

目的:了解桐乡市30~79岁居民的饮食行为,为该市制订有效的慢性病防治干预措施提供依据。方法:应用食物摄入频率法,随机整群抽样收集该市30~79岁常住居民57 704人参与调查。对每个调查对象过去一年的各类食物摄入频率进行询问,分析不同人群之间的差别。结果:调查人群食用大米和新鲜蔬菜的频度最高,食用频率最低是乳类及制品。肉类及制品、家禽及制品、水产/海鲜制品、豆制品、人参和其他保健品的食用频率上,男性多于女性(P<0.05)。蛋类及制品、新鲜蔬菜、新鲜水果、鱼肝油、维生素和钙、铁、锌片的食用频率上女性多于男性(P<0.05)。不同年龄组人群肉类及制品、家禽及制品、水产/海鲜产品、蛋类及制品、新鲜水果之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),并随着年龄增大食用频率在减少。家禽及制品、水产/海鲜产品、蛋类及制品、新鲜水果、维生素和其他保健补品,学历越高摄入的频率越高。结论:居民膳食质量尚可,但结构欠合理,需引导居民合理膳食。

Objective To explore the dietary behaviors of residents aged 30--79 years old in Tongxiang,and to provide effective intervention for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Methods Food intake frequency method was adopted to collect 57704 residents aged 30--79 years old for the survey by random cluster sampling. The frequency of various types of food intake was surveyed in each respondent,and the differences among different groups were analyzed. Results The intake frequencies of rice and fresh vegetables were the highest in the survey population, and the lowest frequency of food consumption was milk and dairy products. The intake frequencies of meat and meat products, poultry and poultry products,seafood and aquatic products, soybean products, ginseng and other health products were more in males than in females（P〈0.05）,while the intake frequencies of eggs and egg products,fresh vegetables, fresh fruits,cod liver oil,vitamins and calcium,iron,zinc tablets were more in females than in males（P〈0.05）. There were statistically significant differences among different age groups in intake frequencies of meat and meat products, poultry and poultry products,seafood and aquatic products,eggs and egg products as well as fresh fruits（P〈0. 05） ,which were reduced with the increase in age. The higher the education background, the higher the intake frequencies of poultry and poultry products, seafood and aquatic products, eggs and egg products, fresh fruits, vitamins and other health supplements. Conclusions Dietary quality of residents is good, but the structure is not reasonable, therefore,it is necessary to guide the residents to have a reasonable diet.