森林多目标规划软件GISCAME及其生物量模块研究进展

Study Progress of GISCAME Platform and Biomass Module for Multi-function Forest Planning

在景观尺度,德国的GISCAME把权属、经营措施等森林经理学方法对森林功能与服务的影响加入到森林多目标规划中,对多权属区域森林多目标权衡分析具有重要意义。以生物量规划为例,该平台引入一种提高生物量和生态服务价值在时间和空间上动态权衡的土地利用策略模型,通过生长与收获模型结合的评估方法,解决了小班经营决策和区域规划目标不统一的问题,用情景分析来检验不同措施选择在应对气候变化和生物量增加要求上的差异。从森林经营管理的角度来看,该系统在生长与收获模型、森林调查数据、权属转换率、可及性、保护等级、皆伐或者间伐经营措施改变等方面还存在不确定性假设问题。为将GISCAME平台引进到我国森林经营管理中还需要加强嵌套精准模拟和景观资源可及性等问题研究,系统探索森林权属功能潜力及森林保护等级功能潜力数量差异,为森林景观精准规划与经营管理提供科学参考。

In the landscape scale, GISCAME formulated in Germany, the forest planning software platform, can analyze how the forest land ownership and forest management affect the forest function and service, and therefore it is significant for the trade-off analysis of regional forest function. Take the biomass service planning as example, GISCAME introduces a landuse strategy model to improve the temporal and spatial trade-offs for biomass and ecosystem services, and adopts the evaluation method that combines the growth and yield models to solve the problem of the inconformity of targets of sub-compartment and regional planning and also verify using scenario analysis the differences that different options reflect in their response to climate change and biomass increase. In the perspective of forest management, GISCAME shows the uncertainties in assumption regarding growth and yield models, forest inventory data, forest ownership, accessibility, protection class, change in management measures such as clear-cutting or thinning. To introduce and incorporate GISCAME into China＇ s forest management system, we should strengthen the studies on the nested approach for precise forest modeling and the accessibility to landscape resources, and systematically explore the numerical differences in functional potential in forest ownership and in the forest protection class, with the expectation to provide scientific basis for precise planning and management of forest landscapes.