非编码核糖核酸参与心脏钙稳态调控机制的研究现状

Research status in the regulation of calcium homeostasis mechanisms of noncoding RNAs

心血管疾病发生率和致死率逐年增加,而目前的治疗手段仍不足以解决这一现状。Ca^(2+)是重要的第二信使,其稳态失衡会导致细胞功能障碍和代谢紊乱,从而引起心脏功能异常,如心肌肥厚、心房纤颤、心肌缺血与心力衰竭等心血管疾病。兰尼碱受体2(RyR2)、L型钙通道(LTCC)、钠钙交换体(NCX)以及腺苷三磷酸(ATP)依赖性钙泵(SERCA2a)等均能参与钙稳态的维持,然而更确切的调控机制仍未完全阐明,导致其在心血管疾病治疗与预防应用中存在局限。非编码核糖核酸(ncRNA)是一类不编码蛋白的核糖核酸(RNA),可参与多种生物学功能。阐明非编码RNA在钙稳态过程中的调控机制,有助于预测心房颤动等心脏疾病易感性、延缓病情进展及评估预后。本文对非编码RNA参与心脏疾病钙稳态调控机制研究进展进行综述。

The morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases are increasing year by year.However,the current treatment is still not enough to solve the problem.As an important second messenger,Ca2＋ homeostasis disequilibrium would lead to cellular dysfunction and metabolic disorder,which is the leading cause of cardiac function abnormalities,such as cardiac hypertrophy,atrial fibrillation,myocardial ischemia and heart failure.The ryanodine receptor 2（RyR2）,L-type calcium channel,Na＋-Ca2＋ exchanger（NCX） and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2＋ ATPase-2a（SERCA2a） involve in maintaining calcium homeostasis.Unfortunately,the exact regulatory mechanism is not fully understood,leading to the limitations of its application in the treatment and prevention of heart disease.Noncoding ribonu-cleic acids（ncRNA） are a group of ribonucleic acid（RNA） molecules that could not be translated,which participate in a variety of biological functions.Clarifying the mechanism of ncRNAs in Ca2＋homeostasis will contribute to determine the susceptibility to cardiac disease,such as atrial fibrillation,halt the progression of diseases and improve the prognosis of patients.This paper reviewed the research progress on ncRNAs in Ca2＋homeostasis regulation.