中职学生营养标签认知度及影响因素研究

Research on the survey of the recognition and influencing factors on nutrition labels of the secondary vocational school's students

目的了解中职学生营养标签认知度及影响因素,为健康教育提供依据。方法分层整群随机抽取某市1 355名中职学生进行问卷调查。结果中职学生营养标签知晓率为44.3%;营养标签基本知识得分(11.87±2.59),女生得分高于男生(t=-3.329,P=0.001),医学类学生得分高于非医学类(t=4.622,P=0.000);8.5%的学生信任营养标签;63.9%的学生认为有必要标注营养成分表;6.6%的学生认为营养标签对选购食品很有帮助;67.7%的学生注意到营养成分表,其中有16.9%的经常查看营养成分表,最关注的食品种类是乳及乳制品(68.7%);关注度最高的营养素是脂肪(75.5%),最低的是钠(21.2%);Logistic回归分析显示知道营养声称、认为营养声称对选择食品有帮助是中职学生使用营养标签的有利因素。结论中职学生营养标签相关知识知晓率低,使用率低,需要结合实际情况对其进行健康教育。

Objective To understand the vocational school students＇ recognition level and influencing factors of the nutrition labels so as to provide support for healthy education. Methods A questionnaire was conducted among 1 355 students from one vocational school by a cross-sectional survey with multistage cluster sampling. Results Students＇ awareness rate of food nutrition labeling was 44.3 %, Average score for basic knowledge is （11.87 ± 2.59） among which female scored higher than male （t=-3.329,P=0.001）, medical students scored higher than non-medical ones（t=4.622, P=0.000）; The rate of trust was 8.5 %; 63.9 % of them considered it was necessary to nutrient composition table; 6.6 % think nutrition or ingredients really help them to choose proper food;67.7 % considered nutrient composition table among which 16.9 % frequently emphasized on nutrient composition table; their attention on food kinds was milk and dairy products （68.7 %） ; their attention on nutrient was fat （75.5 %）and their low attention was Na （21.2 %）;Logistic regression analysis showed that positive protecting factors considering purchasing decision would be helpful for students. Conclusions Low marks of related basic knowledge about nutrition and low awareness rate of nutrition labels and lower using frequency should be educated with actual situation.