牙髓干细胞修复种植体周围骨缺损的研究

Repairing of peri-implant bone defects with dental pulp stem cells

目的 建立兔下颌骨前牙即刻种植种植体周围骨缺损的动物模型,考察牙髓干细胞（DPSCs）在种植体周围骨缺损中的骨再生能力.方法 将8只新西兰白兔随机分为两组,分别拔除兔双侧下颌前牙,在拔牙窝颊侧建立2 mm＆#215;3 mm骨缺损区,即刻植入种植体,对照组植入Bio-oss骨粉和磷酸盐缓冲液,实验组植入Bio-oss骨粉和DPSCs.通过大体观察和组织学观察（苏木精-伊红染色、Goldner＆#39;s三色染色和扫描电镜观察）评价植入后4周骨缺损区的骨再生能力.结果 所有实验兔种植体植入顺利,且种植体植入后均稳固,无明显差异.苏木精-伊红和Goldner＆#39;s三色染色观察均可见实验组有新生骨组织形成,且部分新生骨组织为编织骨,骨细胞体积大、数量多,呈编织状排列,骨细胞分化成熟;而对照组可见少量新生骨样组织形成,骨细胞分化较成熟.扫描电镜结果显示,实验组新生骨与种植体间的骨结合较对照组多.结论 与单独使用Bio-oss骨粉比较,DPSCs与Bio-oss骨粉联用的成骨能力相对较强,新生骨组织与种植体的结合能力更好.

Objective To establish an animal experimental model of immediately peri-implant bone defects in rabbit mandibular anterior teeth,and to investigate the osteogenetic capability of dental pulp stem cells （DPSCs） on bone defects around implant.Methods Eight rabbits were involved,whose bilateral mandibular anterior teeth were removed to form the bone defects with 2 mm ＆#215; 3 mm area on the buccal side of tooth extraction sockets,and then the implants were implanted immediately.The rabbits were divided into two groups.The implants were Bio-oss with DPSCs and Bio-oss with phosphate buffer saline respectively for the experimental group and the control group.The bone regeneration in the defect region was evaluated by general observation,hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Goldner trichrome staining and scanning electron microscope （SEM） at 4 weeks after implantation.Results The implantations were successfully conducted,and the implants were stable.There was no significant difference between the implants.The results of the HE staining and the trichrome staining showed that in the experimental group,new bone tissue and partial woven bone formed,and the properties of the newly formed bone cells were large,abundant,well differentiation,and arranging in woven pattern.While in the control group,the new bone-like tissue formation was less,and the mature cell differentiation was ordinary.The SEM results showed that there was a higher osteointegration between the new bone and the implant in the experimental group comparing with the control group.Conclusions The capability of Bio-oss with DPSCs is relatively superior to single Bio-oss in osteogenesis and osseointegration.