某大型三甲医院急诊观察区患者病情恶化特征分析

Signature analysis of pathogenetic condition aggravating in emergency observation area of a rigonal medical center

目的 了解某大型三甲医院急诊观察区患者72 h内病情恶化的规律,疾病的分布与构成,以合理调配急诊观察区护士,提高急诊护理质量和管理水平.方法 收集2015年1—12月急诊就诊观察区4205例患者进行回顾性分析,对其中217例病情恶化患者的来源与去向、留观时间、年龄、性别、疾病分类等方面进行分析.结果 来自于非抢救区发生病情恶化的患者占6.5%,抢救区占3.1%,两组比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=24.312,P〈0.05）.患者进入急诊观察区最初6 h内发生病情恶化占30.4%,24 h内发生病情恶化占62.2%,72 h后病情恶化占12.9%.41~60岁年龄组中男性发生病情恶化几率高于女性.消化系统、呼吸系统、神经系统、血液系统、泌尿系统疾病居病情恶化疾病组前5位.结论 急诊观察区应对不同来源、留观时间、性别与年龄、不同疾病的患者给予相应不同的护理,以降低患者在急诊观察区出现病情恶化的发生率.

Objective To understand the rule of pathogenetic condition aggravating in observation area of a rigonal medical center in 72 hours for ordering nurse reasonablely in observation area and improving the quality of first-aid nursing and level of administrating.Methods The data of 4205 patients in our observed area of emergency department from January to December of 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The 217 cases in all of source,their place of coming and going length of observation,age,gender,diseases classification of diseases were analyzed.Results There was 6.5% patients with exacerbation from non-rescue area,3.1% from rescue are （χ2=24.312,P〈0.05）. 30.4% of patients suffered disease becoming worse in 6 h in observation area, 62.2% in 24 h,and 12.9% in 72 h. The male aged from 41 to 60 was in favor of worse condition than female. The top 5 diseases to become worse were digestive disease,respiratory disease,nervous system,hematological system,urinary system.Conclusions Emergency observation area should treat patients with different sources, observation time,gender,age and disease in different nursing,so as to decline the incidence of exacerbation.