三级预防护理模式在恶性血液病患者围化疗期口腔黏膜护理中的应用效果

Application of three-grade prevention and nursing in caring hematological malignancies patients with oral mucositis during perichemotherapy

目的 探讨三级预防护理模式在恶性血液病患者围化疗期口腔黏膜护理中应用的效果.方法 选取2015年1月—2016年6月温州医科大学附属第三医院血液科接受化疗的恶性血液病患者128例,随机分为试验组和对照组,各64例.两组患者均采用常规化疗护理措施,试验组在此基础上采取三级预防护理模式.比较两组患者口腔黏膜炎、下呼吸道真菌感染和口腔真菌感染发生率.结果 试验组患者口腔黏膜炎发生情况优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.试验组患者下呼吸道真菌感染发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;试验组患者口腔真菌感染发生率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 三级预防护理模式可以有效降低恶性血液病患者围化疗期口腔黏膜炎和下呼吸道真菌感染的发生率,值得临床推广应用.

Objective To explore the effects of three-grade prevention and nursing when used in caring hematological malignancies （HM） patients with oral mucositis （OM）.Methods Totally 128 HM patients who received chemotherapy in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from January 2015 to June 2016 were divided randomly into an observation group （64） and a control group （64）. Patients in both groups received conventional chemotherapy nursing,and on this basis,patients in the observation group were treated with three-grade prevention and nursing,which was followed by a comparison in incidence of oral mucositis （OM）, Fungous infection of lower respiratory tract （FILRT） and oral cavity fungus infection （OCFI） between patients in the two groups.Results As for OM incidence,patients in the observation group were better than those in the control group （P〈0. 05）. The FILRT incidence of patients in the observation was lower than that of patients in the control group （P〈0.05）;and the OCFI incidence of patients in the observation group were higher than that of patients in the control group （P〈0. 05）.Conclusions Three-grade prevention and nursing effectively reduces the incidence of OM and FILRT among HM patients during perichemotherapy,and is worthy of clinical expansion and application.