应用团体治疗提高长期住院老年患者主观幸福感的实践与体会

Practice and experience of group therapy in improving the subjective well-being of elderly patients with long-term hospitalization

目的 探讨团体治疗在提高长期住院老年患者主观幸福感（SWB）中的应用效果.方法 选取2015年10月—2016年9月宁波市第一医院老年专科病房的长期住院患者100例.采用纽芬兰大学幸福度量表（MUNSH）、负性生活事件调查表对老年患者进行评估,根据患者的负性生活事件状况,将患者分成若干小组进行干预.干预1年后对接受团体治疗的老年患者再次采用MUNSH量表进行测评,以评估干预效果.结果 100例老年患者中,高SWB者32例,低SWB者3例,中SWB者65例.53例老年患者存在睡眠障碍,且存在睡眠障碍的老年患者中有62.26%患者SWB得分较低.干预后老年患者负性体验和负性情感得分低于干预前,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;正性情感、正性体验及MUNSH总分高于干预前,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 根据不同影响因素,制定有效的团体干预措施,可以有效改善长期住院老年患者的主观幸福感,从而提升其生活质量.

Objective To investigate the application effect of group therapy in improving the subjective well-being （SWB） of elderly patients with long-term hospitalization. Methods Totally 100 cases of elderly patients admitted in geriatric ward of Ningbo First Hospital for long-time were selected. Newfoundland scale of happiness （MUNSH） scale and the negative life events questionnaire were used to investigate elderly inpatients, and patients with MUNSH ≤12 points received group therapy. Patients were divided into several groups to receive the intervention according to the negative life events. One year after intervention,patients receiving group therapy were evaluated again by using MUNSH scale to evaluate the intervention effect. Results Among 100 elderly patients,there were 32 cases of high SWB,3 cases of low SWB,and 65 cases of medium SWB. 53 cases of patients had sleep disorders,and 62.26% of them had low SWB. After intervention,the scores of negative experience and emotion of elderly patients were lower than those before intervention （P〈0.05）;the scores of positive emotion and positive experience and the total MUNSH score were higher than those before intervention （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions According to the different influencing factors,group interventions can significantly improve the SWB level of elderly patients with long-term hospitalization,so as to improve their quality of life.