LaCl_3掺杂聚丙烯酰胺/硅灰基阻燃材料的制备及其阻燃机理

Preparation and Flame-retartant Property of LaCl_3 Doped Polyacrylamide/Silica Ash-based Flame Retardant Materials

在Na_2SiO_3·9H_2O-KOH改性硅灰(溶胶-凝胶法)制备阻燃材料的基础上,基于正交试验L_9(3~4)研究了焦磷酸钠、聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)和LaCl_3对其阻燃性能的影响(包括它们的主次顺序和显著水平),合成了稀土元素掺杂的有机-无机杂化阻燃材料LaCl_3/PAM/SiO_2·nH_2O。用热重/差示扫描量热(TG/DSC),扫描电镜(SEM),X-射线衍射(XRD)和红外光谱(FT-IR)等手段进行表征,提出并阐明了其阻燃机理。LaCl_3/PAM/SiO_2·nH_2O可使帆布的LOI达到39.2%;极差分析表明其主次顺序依次为PAM>LaCl_3·7H_2O>Na_4P_2O_7·10H_2O,方差分析表明PAM与其阻燃性能成高度显著影响,LaCl_3·7H_2O为显著影响;XRD和SEM结果表明PAM和LaCl_3有助于形成片层状的无定型膨胀硅质层,FT-IR和TG/DSC结果证实其具有优良的高温稳定性,进而产生隔热阻燃效应。

LaCl3 doped organic-inorganic hybrid flame-retardant materials of LaCl3/PAM/SiO2. nH20 were prepared with Na2SiO3.9H20-KOH modified silica ash as base material, and with PAM, LaCl3-7H20 and Na4P20,. 10H20 as additives. Then the effect of the addition amount of PAM, LaCl3.7H20 and Na4P2O7 10H20 on the flame-retardant property of the LaCl3PAM/SiO2. nH20 was investigated via orthogonal ex- periments Lo（34）. In the meanwhile, the flame-retardant materials of LaCl3/PAM/SiO2. nH20 were charac- terized by using TG/DSC, SEM, XRD and FT-IR. Results show that the LOI of the cotton canvas with an applied surface film of LaCIdPAM/SiO2. nH20 can reach 39.2%; the sequence of the effectiveness of the additives on the flame-retardant property of LaCl3/PAM/SiO2.nH2O can be ranked as PAM 〉 LaCl3.7H2O 〉 Na,P2OT-10H20 according to the results of range analysis. The results of XRD and SEM showed that the PAM favored the formation of denser amorphous swelling silica layers, the results of FT-IR and TG/DSC confirmed that the prepared flame-retardant materials held excellent high-temperature thermal stability, leading to the occurrence of heat insulation and fire-resistance effects.