略论小句理解的三个层面

Understanding of a Clause at Three Layers:A Reading Response to Chinese Grammar Study by Xing Fuyi

《汉语语法学》是邢福义先生一部重要的代表性论著。我们在领悟先生这一论著的基础上,着重考察了书中所涉及的核心概念——小句的理解问题。小句理解涉及三个不同的层面:核心层、拓展层和语用层。小句核心层是负载小句核心意义的层面,是小句理解的基础,考察核心层主要是考察小句句法结构如何表达小句认知结构中的客观事理关系和主观判定关系;小句拓展层是在核心层的基础上发展起来的层面,考察拓展层主要是考察具有特定拓展结构的小句负载什么样的拓展意义;小句语用层则是在核心层与拓展层的基础上发展起来的层面,考察语用层主要是考察小句在特定的语言环境中表达什么样的语用意义。

This article focuses on the understanding of a clause,a key issue in Chinese Grammar Study,one of the representative works of Mr.Xing Fuyi,at three layers,namely the core layer,the expanded layer and the pragmatic layer.The core layer possesses core meaning of the clause,the investigation of which mainly aims at understanding how the syntactic structure expresses objective reason and subjective judgment of the cognitive structure of the clause.The expanded layer is based on the core layer,the investigation of which mainly aims at understanding how an expanded meaning is created with the expanded structure.The pragmatic layer is based on both the core layer and the expanded layer,the investigation of which mainly aims at understanding how a clause creates pragmatic meaning in a particular language environment.