职业暴露环氧乙烷的致癌风险

Carcinogenic risk of occupational exposure to ethylene oxide

目的探讨职业暴露环氧乙烷的致癌风险。方法利用美国环保署(EPA)推荐的致癌风险评价准则,对50余年间不同国家和地区的环氧乙烷职业暴露浓度进行分析,计算环氧乙烷职业暴露的致癌风险。结果假设暴露持续工作年限为中国常见的35 a,工作制度为四班三运转时,大部分国家暴露于环氧乙烷的致癌风险在1.0×10^(-6)左右,没有超过美国环保署推荐的可接受的致癌风险范围10^(-4)~10^(-6);按最长日工作时间的两班两运转工作制度,最久工作年限50 a计算,仍没有超过美国环保署推荐的可接受的致癌风险值。结论目前环氧乙烷职业暴露浓度下的致癌风险较低,在职业健康监护中可以考虑重视其他的健康效应。

[Objective] To explore the carcinogenic risk of occupational exposure to ethylene oxide （EO）. [Methods] The guidelines for carcinogen risk assessment of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency （EPA） were used to calculate the carcinogenic risk of occupational EO exposure by analyzing the occupational EO exposure concentrations reported in the last 50 years in different countries and regions. [ Results ] If exposure duration （ED） of 35 years and four shifts with three changing were assumed, the EO carcinogenic risks for most countries were close to 1.0×10^-6, which was lower than the acceptable values of carcinogenic risk （10^-4-10^-6） recommended by EPA. Even ED was assumed 50 years and 12 hours per day was adopted, the carcinogenic risks were still lower than the acceptable values of carcinogenic risk. [Conclusion] The carcinogenic risk of occupational EO exposure is relatively low. Therefore, the other health effects may be preferred in occupational health surveillance.