大学生气质乐观与心理弹性对抑郁情绪的影响

Impact of dispositional optimism and psychological resilience on depression of university students

目的探讨大学生气质乐观对抑郁情绪的影响,特别是验证心理弹性的中介作用,为降低大学生抑郁水平提供理论依据。方法采用修订版生活取向量表、心理弹性量表与抑郁自评量表对济南两所综合性大学的474名大学生进行调查。结果 (1)大学生抑郁情绪随年级变化呈现U字型变化趋势,大二大三年级抑郁程度显著高于大一大二学生(F=4.84,P<0.01);(2)大学生气质乐观,心理弹性与抑郁情绪,乐观与心理弹性能够显著预测抑郁情绪水平(β_1=-0.56,P<0.01;β_2=-0.58,P<0.01);(3)心理弹性能够中介气质乐观对抑郁情绪的影响(β=0.20,P<0.01)。结论气质乐观作为一种积极的人格特质能够降低大学生抑郁水平,心理弹性能够部分地起到中介作用。

[ Objective ] To explore the effect of dispositional optimism on depression of university students, especially the mediator role on confirmation of psychological resilience, provide theoretical basis for reducing the depression level of university students. [Methods] A total of 474 students from two general universities in Jinan City were measured by the revised life orientation test, Connor-Davidson resilience scale, and self-rating depression scale. [ Results ] （1）The results of depression showed a U-shaped trend with the change of grades, and the depression degree of students in grade two and three was significantly higher than that of students in grade one and two （F=4.84,P〈0.01）. （2） There were significant correlations between dispositional optimism, psychological resilience and depression, while optimism and psychological resilience significantly predicted depression level Q31=-0.56,P〈0.01 ,β2=-0.58,P〈0.01 ）. （3） Psychological resilience mediated the effect of dispositional optimism on depression （β=0.20,P〈0.01）. [Conclusion] Dispositional optimism, as a kind of positive personality, can significantly reduce depression of university students, and this effect is partially mediated by psychological resilience.