2009—2015年广东省惠州市某县居民死因监测结果

Surveillance results of death causes in a county of Huizhou City in Guangdong Province from 2009-2015

目的了解广东省惠州市某县2009—2015年居民死亡水平及死因谱特点,为政府制定疾病预防控制和卫生决策提供依据。方法收集2009—2015年7年间惠州市某县的死因监测资料,死因分类按照国际疾病分类标准(ICD-10)进行编码,应用Death Reg和SPSS 16.0软件对该监测点常住居民死亡资料进行统计分析。结果 2009—2015年累计监测人口2 150 063人。报告死亡病例4 203人,其中男性死亡2 646人,女性死亡1 557人;平均粗死亡率为195.48/10万,其中男性报告死亡率为243.62/10万,女性为152.31/10万。2009—2015年各年份全死因男性的死亡率均高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。各年份均为<1岁婴儿和>60岁老年人死亡率较高。前5位的死因依次为心脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病、伤害,分别占总死亡的38.7%、24.2%、14.2%、3.6%、3.2%,前5位死因合计占总死亡的83.9%。<1岁婴儿死亡原因主要为围生期疾病、先天异常和损伤中毒,1~14岁儿童主要死因为恶性肿瘤、伤害和消化道疾病,15~45岁成年人恶性肿瘤排在死因第1位,60岁以上老年人主要死因为心脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病。结论慢性非传染性疾病是危害该县监测点居民健康的主要疾病,男性的死亡率高于女性,0~1岁婴幼儿和60岁以上老人是重点关注人群。

[Objective] To understand the mortality and death spectrum characteristics in a county of Huizhou City in Guangdong Province from 2009-2015, provide a basis for the relevant departments to develop the disease prevention strategies. [Methods ]The surveillance data of death causes in a county of Huizhou City from 2009-2015 were collected ,and the causes of death were coded according to the international classification of diseases （ICD-10）. DeathReg and SPSS 16.0 were used to analyze the death data of permanent residents in this surveillance point. [Results] A total of 2 150 063 residents were cumulatively monitored from 2009- 2015. There were 4 203 deaths,including 2 646 males and 1 557 females. The average crude mortality rate was 195.48/lakh,and the reported mortality rate of males and females was 243.62/lakh and 152.31/lakh respectively. The all-cause mortality rate of males was higher than that of females in every year, and the differences were statistically significant （P〈0.O1）. In every year, the mortality rates in infants below 1 year old and elderly people above 60 years old were higher. The top five causes of death were cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,malignant tumor,respiratory system disease,digestive system disease and injury, respectively accounting for 38.7%, 24.2%, 14.2%, 3.6% and 3.2% of total deaths, and top five causes of death together accounted for 83.9% of the total deaths. Causes of death in infants below 1 year old were perinatal diseases, congenital anomalies,injury and poisoning,children aged 1-14 years old mainly died of the malignant tumor,injury and digestive tract disease,malignant tumor was the foremost cause of death in adults aged 15-45 years old, and elderly people over 60 years old mainly died of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, malignant tumor and respiratory system disease. [ Conclusion] Chronic non-communicable diseases are the main diseases that endanger the health of the residents in the county. The mortality rate of the males is higher than that of the females, and more attention should be paid to the infants aged 0-1 year old and elderly people over 60 years old.