台州地区流动孕妇人群艾滋病血清流行病学研究

Seroepidemiological study of AIDS among floating expectant mothers in Taizhou

目的:探讨台州地区流动孕妇人群艾滋病(AIDS)血清流行病学情况,为阻断母婴传播工作提供依据。方法:回顾性分析2011年9月至2015年12月1085例台州地区流动孕妇,均采用酶联免疫吸附测定法测定孕妇血浆HIV抗体,将筛选阳性者标本送AIDS中心确认实验室判断,然后从流行病学角度进行分析其分布情况。结果:1085例孕妇中AIDS感染共10例,感染率为0.92%,其中以2014年感染率最高,为1.58%,和其他年份比较差异显著(P<0.05);流行病学上,感染途径中性交占70%,文化程度上小学及以下占60%,职业分布无职业占60%,年龄上17~24岁占70%,(P<0.05),孕早期感染占70%,民族分布上汉族占60%,户籍分布上云贵川占50%,妊娠结局上终止妊娠占70%,伴侣数3个以上感染占60%,婚姻状况中未婚占60%,和同组其他项目比较差异显著(P<0.05);预防措施上,以安全套知晓率最高,占56.95%,和其他预防措施比较差异显著(P<0.05)。结论:台州地区流动孕妇获得AIDS比率较高,应加强HIV和母婴阻断相关知识宣传,加强对30岁以下低文化、低收入、无职业流动孕妇管理,做到早发现、早诊断、早干预、早治疗,以减少胎儿感染HIV。

Objectives： To investigate the seroepidemiological condition of AIDS among floating expectant mothers in Taizhou in order to provide basis for blocking the mother to child transmission. Methods： A retrospective analysis of the 1085 floating expectant mothers in Taizhou from September 2011 to December 2015 was conducted.The plasma HIV antibodies were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The AIDS screening positive specimens were sent to the central laboratory for confirmation and the distribution was analyzed from the epidemiological perspective. Results： In the 1085 subjects,there were 10 cases of AIDS infection,an infection rate of 0. 92%.The infection rate was the highest in 2014（1. 58%）,significant higher than other years（P〈0. 05）. Among the infected cases,70% of them were through sexual intercourse; 60% of them were with primary education level and below; 60% of them had no jobs; 70% of them were between 17-24 years old; 70% of them were infected in early pregnancy; 60% of them were Han nationality; 50% of them were from the Yunnan,Guizhou and Sichuan Provinces; 70 % of them terminated pregnancy; 60% of them had more than 3 sex partners; 60% of them were unmarried,all with significant difference（P〈0. 05）. In terms of preventive measures,the awareness of using condom was the highest（56. 95%）,with significant difference（P〈0. 05）. Conclusion： The AIDS infection rate among floating expectant mothers in Taizhou is low,but targeted education should be strengthened against female below 30 years old with low education,low income and no job for early detection,diagnosis,intervention and treatment.