石英光纤熔接损耗特性研究

Research on the Fusion Splicing Loss Characteristics of Silica Optical Fibers

着重对熔接光纤模场直径(MFD)失配和熔接点光纤折射率突变引起的光纤熔接损耗展开试验研究。对前者试验研究结果表明:采用光时域反射仪(OTDR)单向测量时,即使光纤MFD偏差<0.2μm时,测得的熔接损耗也会超过0.1dB,故建议采用OTDR双向测量平均法以减少采用OTDR单向测量法测量系统中的偶然误差;不同公司光纤的OTDR单向测量熔接损耗值较分散,故建议应提高国产光纤制备工艺技术和质量。对后者试验研究结果表明,不同MFD光纤在熔接过程中存在熔接点光纤折射率突变,其相对于进口光纤端只下降了38.24%,而相对于国产光纤端下降了43.74%,这对光纤传输损耗产生了较大影响,故建议应优化国产光纤制备工艺技术。

The optical fiber fusion splicing loss caused by the MFD mismatch of the fusion splicing fibers and the abrupt refractive index change at fiber fusion splicing position are emphatically investigated. The test on the former shows that the fusion splicing loss is still more than 0. 1 dB when using OTDR unidirectional measurement, even though the deviation of the fiber MFD is less than 0.2 μm. Therefore, it is advised to use the OTDR bidirectional measuring average method to reduce the accidental errors from the OTDR unidirectional measurement method. The fusion splicing loss values of the fibers produced by different companies are dispersed with OTDR unidirectional measurement, it is proposed to improve preparation technology and quality of domestic optical fiber. The test on the latter shows that the optical fibers with different MFD have abrupt refractive index change on the fusion splicing point during the fusion splicing process. It is only decreased by 38.24% relative to the imported fiber, but decreased by 43.74% relative to the domestic fiber, which makes a greater impact on the optical fiber transmission loss. So it is proposed to optimize the domestic optical fiber preparation technologies.