不同类型高粱茎秆蜡粉含量变化规律研究

Variation Pattern of Wax Powder Content in Different Types of Sorghum

为了探讨不同类型高粱茎秆蜡粉含量变化规律,根据物理学的色差原理,首次采用色差法,对高粱蜡粉进行测定。结果表明,不同类型高粱之间茎秆的蜡粉含量有明显的差异,同一类型不同基因型间也不同;饲草高粱茎秆自上而下各节段的蜡粉含量呈现出高-低-高的变化趋势,中间茎节的蜡粉含量与全株混合蜡粉含量总平均值最接近,可代表全株的蜡粉含量;不同类型高粱进入各生育期的时间和持续天数不同,同一生育期内蜡粉累积量也不同,饲草高粱为抽穗期>开花期>乳熟期>蜡熟期>完熟期,甜高粱为乳熟期>抽穗期>开花期>蜡熟期>完熟期,开花期与整个生育期平均蜡粉含量最接近,可代表整个生育期的蜡粉含量;不同类型高粱在同一个生育期内蜡粉日变化呈单峰曲线,蜡粉含量的峰值出现在13:00时;高粱蜡粉与茎秆糖锤度部分呈极显著负相关。研究表明,遗传因素导致不同类型高粱茎秆蜡粉含量存在显著差异并且含量变化具有规律性,为选育高蜡粉含量品种从而提升高粱抗逆性提供科学参考。

In order to study the variation pattern of wax powder content in different types of Sorghum,the colorimeter method based on the principle of chromatic aberration in physics was used for the first time to measure the wax powder content.The results showed that there were significant differences among different types of Sorghum varieties,and even if different genotypes in the same type of Sorghum germplasm.The top,middle and bottom stems of Forage Sorghum contain high,low and high content of wax powder,respectively.And the content of wax powder in the middle stem was most closed to the average value of mixed wax powder and could be used as representative content of the whole plant.The starting time and duration of the different types of Sorghum varieties transfering into each growth stage varied significantly,and the accumulated amount of wax powder in the same growth stage was also different.The tendency of wax powder contents in terms of different growth stages among different types of Sorghum varieties were slightly different：in Forage Sorghum,heading stage〉flowering stage〉filling stage〉wax ripeness stage〉complete ripeness stage,while in Sweet Sorghum,filling stage〉heading stage〉flowering stage〉wax ripeness stage 〉complete ripeness stage.And the wax powder content in the flowering stage represented the average value of the whole growth period.The diurnal changes of wax powder content followed a monopeak curve,and wax powder content reached the peak value around 13：00.Some wax powder contents were negatively correlated with the stem brix in Sorghum.The study showed that there were significant differences in different types of Sorghum wax powder and the content changed regularly.The results above provided a scientific reference for breeding high wax Sorghum varieties to improve resistance.