白腐真菌的分离及其固定化应用研究

Separation,Immobilization and Application of White-Rot Fungi

通过愈创木酚培养基和鞣酸培养基对白腐真菌所产漆酶的显色作用分离筛选出白腐真菌;采用"吸附-包埋-交联"的复合固定化方法,以改性稻壳作为吸附载体,聚乙烯醇、海藻酸钠为包埋剂,硼酸、Ca Cl2为交联剂,制备了白腐真菌固定化生物小球;将该生物小球应用于废水处理,分别研究了生物小球投加量、曝气量、处理时间、处理温度、pH值等因素对废水处理效果的影响.结果表明,在小球投加量为20%,曝气量为2 L/min,处理时间为8 h,处理温度为35℃,pH范围为4.5~5的实验条件下,处理后的废水化学需氧量(COD)值可由1 027 mg/L降至94.5 mg/L,COD去除率可达90.8%.

A kind of white-rot fungus was separated by the color reaction of its laccase on guaiacol medium and tannic acid medium. Then the white-rot fungus was made into immobilized biological pellets by adsorption, embedding and crosslinking, using modified rice husk as adsorption carrier, polyvinyl alcohols and sodium alginate as embedding medium, and boric acid and CaCl2 as crosslinking medium. The effects of biological pellets＇ dosage, aeration rate, reaction temperature, reaction time and pH value on the treatment effect were investigated. Results indicate that the removal rate of chemical oxygen demand （COD） can reach 90.8% and the residual COD concentration reduces from 1 027 mg/L to 94.5 mg/L at the biological pellets＇ dosage of 20%, aeration rate of 2 L/min, reaction time of 8 h, reaction temperature of 35 ℃ and pH values of 4.5-5.