基于EEG脑机接口的研究现状及在康复中的应用

Research status of brain computer interface based on EEG and its application in rehabilitation

脑机接口(brain computer interface,BCI)是一项不依赖大脑常规信息通路就可实现与外界环境交流的技术,通过该技术可在人脑与计算机或其他电子设备之间建立一种直接的联系,使人不依赖正常的骨骼肌肉系统就可直接控制外部设备,这就为那些思维正常但有严重功能障碍的患者带来了新的希望。近20年来BCI实现了从无到有、脑电信号从单一到混合等技术上的飞速发展,另外随着识别任务数目的增多、信息传输率及识别准确性的提高,BCI也逐渐走出了实验室,朝着实时、实用的方向发展。本文主要针对基于EEG的单一模式和混合模式脑机接口的研究现状及其在康复医学中的实际应用进行了综述,总结了不同模式BCI的功能特点及其在康复医学领域的应用潜力,以期促进BCI在康复应用中进一步发展,并提高目前康复治疗技术。

Brain-computer interface（ BCI） is a technology independent of routine brain output ways that can communicate with the external enviroment,it provides a direct communication pathway between the brain and external devices so as to exert control over those devices independent of routine peripheral nerves and organization system,this is especially significant for those patients who have normal thought but with severe dysfunction. In the past 20 years,BCI have realized rapid development,from scratch on technology and from single to max on the model. Moreover,with the number of recognition tasks incread and the improvement of information transmission rate and accuracy,researchers are trying to make the BCI system possess the characteristics of real-time and become more practical. This paper reviews the research progress of single model and mixed model of EEG-based BCI and its practical application in the rehabilitation medicine. Through the summary on the functions and characters of different model BCI systems,its potential applications in the rehabilitation medicine are found,the researchers hope that can promote the further development of rehabilitative applications and improve the treatment technology of rehabilitation.