PCR相关的分子生物学技术在军团菌检测与分型中的应用

Application of PCR related molecular biology techniques in the detection and typing of Legionella

军团菌广泛存在于自然淡水和人工水体中,容易形成气溶胶,引起人类呼吸道急性感染,形成军团菌病。军团菌病是一种隐性感染率和病死率较高的传染病,对人们健康构成严重威胁,快速准确地确定病原是确诊和控制军团菌病的关键。相对于传统细菌培养分离法,PCR等分子生物检测技术更快速,敏感性和特异性更高,本文就目前在聚合酶链反应基础上开展的军团菌检测、鉴定及分型的方法的研究和应用作简要综述。

Objective The Legionella is widely found in natural and artificial waters, which can form aerosol to cause acute infection of respiratory tract and Legionnaires＇ disease （LD） .LD is a kind of infectious disease with high recessive infection rate, high mortality rate and seriously threatening human health. Quickly and accurately determine the pathogen is the key to the diagnosis and control of LD. Compared with traditional culture methods, PCR and other molecular biological detection technology have the advantages of developing the early, rapid, high sensitivity and specificity diagnosis. The research and application of the method of detection, identification and typing for Legionella based on polymerase chain reaction were briefly reviewed.