索马里青年党的意识形态与身份塑造

An Analysis of Al-Shabaab's Ideology and Identity Formation

索马里青年党的意识形态十分复杂。其中,氏族主义是其核心,泛索马里主义是其宣传动员的工具。"圣战"萨拉菲主义则打着宗教正统性的旗号。这三大意识形态的融合塑造出青年党的双重身份,即宗教氏族武装与宗教反政府武装。2008年以来,随着内外压力的增加,青年党与国际恐怖主义组织合流。该组织无论从行动方式上,还是在资金募集、对外宣传方面,都日益凸显出恐怖主义的特性。本文认为,青年党的恐怖主义组织身份,与宗教、族群都有一定的关联性,但这并非简单的直接因果关系,而是一种在观念互借中蕴含思想冲突的复杂模式。

The A1-Shabaab ideology is complicated. Clanism is its core ideology; Pan-Somalia is its tool for propaganda and mobilization; and Jihad-Salafism is the banner of its religious legitimacy. The fusion of the abovementioned three ideological components has shaped the A1- Shabaab＇ s dual identity, namely, religious clannish army and religious rebels. Since 2008, with increasing domestic and international pressure, A1-Shabaab has coalesced with international terrorist organizations and has been presenting more and more terrorist characteristics in its pattern of actions, its fund raising, and its international propaganda. This article argues that A1-Shabaab＇ s terrorsim identity has certain connection with religion and clan. However, this connection is not a direct cause-effect relationship, but rather a complex mode of ideological exchange pervaded with conflicts.