主体性缺失:英美现代主义诗歌中的都市人群像

Loss of Subjectivity: the Images of City Dwellers in Anglo-American Modernist Poetry

黑格尔认为现代世界的原则就是主体性的自由。人的主体性的自由是启蒙现代性规划的目标,但是现代性的发展并没有遵循主体性自由这一原则,而是走向了相反的方向。英美现代主义诗人聚焦于现代都市人的生存状况和精神世界。然而,他们所刻画的都市人群像,既没有堂吉诃德的勇猛,也没有哈姆莱特的智谋,而是一群内心空虚、主体性缺失的都市小人物。在某种意义上,他们的存在解构了启蒙现代性关于解放人的神话。

Hegel regards the freedom of subjectivity as the principle of modern world. The freedom of subjectivity is the target of Enlightenment project. But the development of modernity has not followed the principle, and it moves towards the opposite direction. Anglo-American poets focus on the living condition and spiritual world of the city dwellers. However, in their poems, the city dwellers do not embrace Hamlet＇ s wit or Don Quixote＇ s bravery, on the contrary, these inhabitants are all empty souls, and they do not bear any subjectivity. To some extent, the modernist poets＇ writing of the city dwellers has deconstructed the myth of Enlgihtenemnt modernity.