翻译批评的历史语境(1949—1966)

The Contexts of Translation Criticism( 1949-1966)

1949年之后,翻译批评跨入了全新的历史语境。在单一的国家赞助系统和严格的翻译规范之下,翻译活动与其他文化生产一样,高度组织化和计划化。随着出版发行机构的国有化和稿费的不断降低直至"文化大革命"期间完全取消稿费,译者的主体性和自由度大大降低。翻译批评的原则、标准,甚至言说方式都整齐划一,政治意识形态成为翻译评价的唯一尺度。

Translation criticisms have entered new historical contexts since 1949. Under the undifferentiated patronage of the state and the rigid translational norms, translations, as other cultural productions, were highly organized and planned by the government. The translator＇s initiative was crippled and the freedom impaired as the publishing houses were nationalized and translator＇ s remuneration was repeatedly cut down until totally cancelled during the ＂ Cultural Revolution＂. Criticisms were uniform in the criteria, the principles and the modes of discourses with the political ideology as the sole yardstick for translation evaluation.