体育人类学的学科基础及其特质

Disciplinary foundation of the anthropology of sport and its features

体育人类学不是"体育"与"人类学"的简单相加或机械组合,而是具有独特的学术视域、关注焦点、研究范式的新兴分支学科。尽管人类学的体育研究由来已久,无论是体质学的人体测量及人种分类还是文化人类学的仪式等研究,都与体育息息相关。然而,只有在认识论突破了灵与肉、心与身二分的牢笼而形成整体性反思人类自己的身体之时,体育人类学等才能破茧而出,并以其将体育运动中的身体置于人类社会文化体系之中进行经验研究的特质而独秀于人类学的众多分支学科之林,为人类的知识生产贡献不可或缺的力量。

The anthropology of sport is not a simple addition or mechanical combination of ＂sports＂ and ＂anthropology＂, but a new branch of learning with a unique academic perspective, focus and research paradigm. In spite of the long history of the study of physical anthropology, the study of human body, as well as the ritual of cultural anthropology, is closely related to sports. However, only an epistemological breakthrough in the dichotomy between soul and flesh, or between mind and body can help mankind have an overall reflection on his body and quicken the establishment of the anthropology of sport. The study of human body in sports in the context of human culture and society plus its features obtained from empirical research can make it stand out among various branches of anthropology, and contribute much to human knowledge.