财政分权对中国十大城市群环境污染的影响路径

Influencing path of fiscal decentralization on environmental pollution in China's top 10 urban agglomerations

在STIRPAT模型基础上,通过加入财政分权与各变量的交互项,使用动态固定效应估计方法,分析了财政分权对环境污染的影响路径。结果发现:总体回归中财政分权与水污染呈倒"U"型曲线关系,与大气污染呈"U"型曲线关系;财政分权主要通过人口集聚、产业结构、科技创新投入、外资利用、经济发展和生产技术进步这六种路径作用于水和大气的污染,其中最重要的三种路径是生产技术进步、科技创新投入和经济发展水平。分组回归表明:经济发展水平和人口集聚度较高时,财政分权会通过改善产业结构、降低人口集聚、提升外资利用质量的路径降低对水和大气的污染;在较低的外资利用水平、经济发展水平和人口集聚度下,财政分权通过抑制科技创新投入效应加剧了环境质量的恶化。

Based on the STIRPAT Model and by intro- ducing interaction items of fiscal decentralization and each varia- bles, this essay analyzes the influencing path of fiscal decentrali- zation on environment pollution with Dynamic Fixed Effect Esti- mation Method. The results show that the fiscal decentralization has different effects on water and air pollution, and it is in the inverted ＂ U＂ curve relation to the water pollution, and air pollu- tion is ＂ U＂ - shaped curve; Fiscal decentralization mainly in- fluences on water and air pollution by six paths, that is, popula- tion agglomeration, industrial structure, investment in scientific and technological innovation, the introduction of foreign capital, economic development and technological progress; The most im- portant three influencing paths are production technology pro- gress, scientific and technological innovation investment and e- conomic development level. The regression analysis shows that when the level of foreign capital utilization is lower and the level of economic development and population agglomeration is high- er, the fiscal decentralization will reduce the influences on water and air pollution by improving industrial structure, reducing the population concentration and enhancing the quality of foreign capital utilization; Fiscal decentralization exacerbates the deteri- oration of environmental quality by restraining the effect of in- vestment in science and technology innovation.