孕期体重变化与胎盘重量和新生儿出生体重间的关系研究

Study on the Relationship Between Body Weight,Placental Weight and Birth Weight in Pregnant Women

目的探讨孕期体重变化、胎盘重量与新生儿出生体重间的关系,从而进一步探讨影响新生儿出生体重的相关因素,为孕期体重管理提供科学有效的参考依据,推进我市孕期合理体重增加模式的构建,降低低体重儿、巨大儿及妊娠期、分娩期并发症的发生率,提高母婴健康水平。方法收集2016年5月—12月间在高安市中医院住院分娩单胎活产且保健手册记录完整的产妇120例,通过卡方检验、方差分析等,分析不同孕前BMI组,孕期体重增加、新生儿出生体重及胎盘的差异及关系。结果按美国医学研究所推荐的体重控制自身体重的孕妇占54.16%,体重增加不足的孕妇占18.33%,体重增加超标的孕妇占27.5%。随着孕前BMI指数增加,孕妇体重增加逐渐降低,新生儿体重、胎盘重量均逐渐升高,差异均有统计学意义。新生儿出生体重与胎盘重量存在显著正相关,差异有显著统计学意义。胎盘重量大的孕妇分娩的新生儿体重高于胎盘重量低的孕妇。结论孕前BMI指数越低孕期增重越容易增长不足,孕前BMI指数越高孕期体重增长越容易超标。孕前BMI指数与新生儿出生体重呈正相关,故控制好孕前BMI指数可减低巨大儿的发生率。

Objective To investigate the changes of body weight, placental weight during pregnancy and neonatal birth weight between, in order to further explore the related factors influencing the birth weight of newborns, and provide sci- entific reference for effective pregnancy weight management, promote the reasonable weight during pregnancy in our city in- crease mode, low birth weight and macrosomia and pregnancy the delivery period, the incidence of complications, improve maternal and child health. Methods From May 2016 to December 2016 in Gaoan＇ Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine hospitalized childbirth singleton live birth and health care manual complete records of 120 cases of pregnant women using chi square test and analysis of variance, analysis of different pre pregnancy BMI group, pregnancy weight gain, neonatal birth weight and placental differences and relationship. Results According to the recommendations of the United States Institute of medicine to control the weight of their own body weight of pregnant women accounted for 54. 16% of the weight gain of preg- nant women accounted for less than the weight gain of pregnant women accounted for more than 27.5% of the weight of the pregnant women accounted for more than 18.33%. With the pre BMI index increased, maternal weight decreased, birth weight and placental weight were gradually increased, and the differences were statistically significant. Conclusion The BMI index is low pre pregnancy weight gain during pregnancy is to lack of growth and higher BMI index pre pregnancy weight gain during pregnancy is to exceed the standard. Before the BMI index was positively correlated with birth weight, the inci- dence rate of the control before BMI index can reduce macrosomia. There was significant positive correlation between birth weight and placental weight, the difference was statistically significant. It can be concluded that the weight of pregnant women with placental weight is higher than that of pregnant women with low placental weight.