腐植酸功能性肥料在水稻上的应用研究

Study of Humic Acid Functional Fertilizer Application on Rice

采用田间小区试验,以普通尿素为对照,在不同施氮量和施肥次数条件下,探究腐植酸功能性肥料(腐植酸尿素)在太湖流域水稻上的应用效果。研究表明,在常熟推荐施氮量255 kg/hm^2情况下,腐植酸尿素分两次施用的水稻产量和氮肥利用率均高于普通尿素分两次和三次施用,水稻产量分别增加了8.75%和5.06%,氮肥利用率平均提高了10.18%,但在高施氮量和低施氮量时,水稻产量低于相应普通尿素处理,但差异不显著;腐植酸尿素处理降低了稻田田面水铵氮浓度,从而降低氮素向大气(主要以氨挥发途径)和水体(主要指径流)迁移的风险。因此,腐植酸尿素在太湖流域高产水稻田上选择适宜施氮量255 kg/hm^2具有较好的环境和经济效益。

A field plot experiment was conduct in Taihu Lake region to study the effects of humic acid functional fertilizer （humic acid urea） application on rice, with conventional urea as control, under the condition of different nitrogen rate and fertilization times. The results showed that at the N application rate of 255 kg/hm2 in Changshu, humic acid urea applied twice increased rice yield and nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency compared with conventional urea with two or three times of application. Rice yield was increased by 8.75% and 5.06%, while nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency was average increased by 10.18%. However the yield of rice was lower than the corresponding urea treatment in high and low N application rate. There were no significant differences of grain yield among them. Furthermore, humic acid urea treatment reduced the water concentration of ammonium nitrogen in rice field, thus reducing the risk of N into the atmosphere （mainly ammonia vola- tilization）, and the risk of water （runoff） migration. Therefore, the appropriate N application rate was 255 kg/hm2 of humic acid urea on high yield rice paddies in Taihu Lake region had good environmental and economic benefits.