石墨烯基电极材料的设计和构建及其在电容去离子中的应用

Design and Construction of Graphene-Based Electrode Materials for Capacitive Deionization

电容去离子(CDI)是一种通过静电力作用将离子从水中去除的技术,电极是整个装置中为最为核心的部件,石墨烯因具有优异的导电性和巨大的比表面积等优势成为当前CDI电极材料的研究热点之一。目前对于CDI石墨烯电极的研究主要集中于石墨烯电极的合成,然而有关CDI性能与石墨烯电极制作工艺及电极材料自身结构之间的关系,缺少相关综述。本文系统介绍了CDI的基本原理与性能指标,综述了石墨烯电极材料的研究进展与电极制作工艺,重点分析、归纳和总结了石墨烯材料的特性(孔隙结构、导电性、亲疏水性)对CDI性能的影响,最后对CDI中石墨烯电极材料今后的发展进行了总结和展望。

Capacitive deionization （CDI） is a novel technology to remove ions from water using electrostatic force. Owing to its excellent electrical conductivity and large specific surface area, graphene has become a material of interest for CDI electrodes, crucial components of the system involved. So far, research on graphene-based electrodes has focused on the synthesis of the material, while there has not been a review of the relationship between the performance of CDI and the characteristics of the graphene-based material or the electrode preparation methods to acquire these characteristics. Hence, this paper systematically reviews the principles and performance index of CDI, research undertaken on graphene-based electrode materials, and the approach for electrode preparation for CDI. The influence of characteristics （pore structure, electrical conductivity and hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity） of the graphene-based material on the performance of CDI is summarized and analyzed. Finally, the development of graphene-based electrode material is overlooked.