大鼠急性心肌梗死模型制作方法的改良

A refined method of making acute myocardial infarction model of rats

目的:为大鼠急性心肌梗死模型制作提供更快、更稳定的方法。方法:所有大鼠按气管插管方法-开胸扩开第3肋间隙方法随机分为:灌胃针-开睑器组(传统组)、灌胃针-缝合线开睑器组、自制插管-开睑器组、自制插管-缝合线开睑器组(改良组),麻醉后分别用相应方法行气管插管和开胸,暴露术野,结扎冠状动脉前降支,记录每组大鼠气管插管时间、气管插管次数、手术时间、术后呼吸道哮鸣音发生率、肺损伤程度和死亡率。术后第2天和第4天随机取各组大鼠5只,行心电图、左心室插管和心肌染色检测模型心功能及心肌梗死面积。结果:使用自制插管的两组插管时间和次数与使用灌胃针的两组差别无统计学意义,但术后呼吸道哮鸣音发生率及死亡率明显低于使用灌胃针两组;使用缝合线开睑器的两组手术时间、术中肺损伤程度及术后死亡率明显低于使用开睑器的两组;各组间心功能及心肌梗死面积差异无统计学意义,改良组组内心功能及梗死面积差异性较小。结论:改良后大鼠急性心肌梗死模型制作方法简单、成活率较高、模型质量较高,值得推广。

Objective： To provide faster and more stable method for making acute myocardial infarction model of rats. Methods.. All rats by tracheal intubation method-thoracic opening the third intercostal space, were randomly divided into; gavage needle-blepharostat group （traditional group）, gavage needle-suture blepharostat group, and homemade-intuhation blepharostat group, homemade-intuhation suture line blepharostat group （modified group）, respectively, with the corresponding method of tracheal intubation and thoracotomy for field exposure, ligation of anterior descending coronary artery of rats after anesthesia, then intubation time, intubation times, operation time, postoperative respiratory wheeze incidence and severity of lung injury and mortality of each group were recorded. Five rats in each group were randomly selected at 2 d and 4 d after operation for electrocardiogram, left ventricular catheterization and myocardial staining to detect the cardiac function and myocardial infarction area. Results： The difference of intubation time and times between the two group using homemade-intubation and the two groups using gavage needle were not statistically significant, but the postoperative respiratory wheeze incidence and mortality were lower than the two groups using gavage needlel operation time, lung injury degree and postoperative mortality rate of the two groups using sutures were lower than that of the two groups using blepharostat ; there was no significant difference in heart function and myocardial infarct size among the groups. The difference between the groups within the modified group in heart function and infarct size was small. Conclusion ; The modified rat model of acute myocardial infarction has simple operation, high survival rate and high model quality, which is worth promoting.