社会资本视域下“村改社”社区居民体育参与实证研究——以成渝试验区为例

An empirical study on the sport involvement in rural community transformed from villages from the perspective of social capital: A case study of Chengdu-Chongqing experimentation area

为促进统筹城乡一体化发展过程中的新型社区——"村改社"社区体育活动的开展,以"村改社"社区居民体育参与为研究对象,从社会资本的视角,运用访谈法、问卷调查法和数理统计法,研究了"村改社"社区居民社会资本对体育参与的制约机制。运用因子分析法,抽取社会资本的社区关系、社团参与、社会互惠、社会信任和社会规范因子;运用多元回归分析法发现:社区关系因子和社团参与因子对居民的体育参与有显著影响;社会互惠因子、社会信任因子和社会规范因子对居民的体育参与影响不显著;社区关系因子对体育参与的影响机制主要体现在体育资源获得机制和体育参与内部动力机制,社团参与因子对体育参与的影响主要体现在体育参与外部动力机制和体育信息交换机制。因此,需要发展"村改社"社区体育组织网络,开展多样化的体育活动,鼓励居民参与社区体育事务的决策和管理,从而提高居民社会资本,促进居民体育参与。

In order to promote the development of sports activities for the communities transformed from villages that emerged as new type of communities in the process of the integrated development of urban and rural areas, by taking the sports participation for the residents in the communities as its object of study, this paper investigated the restriction mechanisms of the social capital from the residents in the communities on the sports participation from the perspective of social capital. The methods used in the study include interview, questionnaire survey and mathematics statistics and factor analysis. Factor analysis was used to target on various factors of social capital： the relationship among communities, community participation, social mutual benefits, social trusts and social norms. The findings of the study by using muhiple regression analysis suggest that, first, the relationship among communities and community participation are exerting a significant influence on the residents＂ sports participation and secondly, social mutual benefits, social trusts and social norms do not have a remarkable influence on the residents＂ sports participation. The influence of the relationship among communities on sports participation is mainly reflected by the obtainment of sports resources and the internal motive of sports participation, while the influence of community participation on sports participation is mainly manifested by the external motive and the exchange of sports information. The findings of the present study imply that we need to develop the sports organizational networks of the communities transformed from villages, carry out various kinds of sports activities and encourage the involvement of residents＂ decision and management in community sports. By doing so, we can improve the residents＂ social capital and promote their sports participation.