桂南大芦村“跳岭头”面具世界图景探析

Text and Reality:An Anthropological Study on the Masks of Tiao-ling-tou Performance at Dalu Village in Southern Guangxi

被"驯化"或熟悉化于社会及个人认知中的民俗器物,往往寄存着丰富的集体记忆,是其所在文化环境及文化认同的外化表达。桂南大芦村的"跳岭头"面具常常被当地民众"常识化",但实际上,通过对面具神灵人物的分析和追溯,人们可以还原一幅汉族民间信仰文化图像。用历史人类学的方法,结合其所在的村落历史和建筑出现的时间等因素,发现,跳岭头这种表相的背后,其实是地方与中央朝廷、边疆与中原关系的宏大叙事下以劳氏家族为代表的地方精英与理想文化模式互动的渠道和途径的本相。通过对这样的内部文化事像进行深入解读,可以为新型农村文化空间的挖掘、丰富,培养群众文化自觉、文化自信和人文关怀有一定的意义。

Folk utensils, which are domesticated or are familiar with by society and personal cogni- tion, usually contain rich collective memory, and are the externalization of their cultural environment and cultural identity. The masks of ＂Tiaoqing-tou＂ performance at Dalu village in southern Guangxi are often taken for common knowledge by the local people. In fact, a cultural image of the Han people＇s folk beliefs can be restored through the analysis and tracing of the gods symbolized by the masks. This paper adopts the methods of historical anthropology to analyze the time and other factors of the village history and architec- ture. The paper finds the reality that behind the surface of Tiao-ling-tou performance there are channels and ways of interaction between local elites represented by the Lao family and ideal cultural mode under the grand narrative of relations between the local government and the imperial court, the frontier and the Cen- tral Plains. The in-depth interpretation of such internal cultural events is of great significance for excavating and enriching new rural cultural space, as well as cultivating the cultural consciousness, confidence and humanistic care of the masses.