某院医务人员针刺伤调查及防护对策

Needle-stick injuries among health care workers and protective strategies in a hospital

目的了解医务工作者针刺伤现况并分析原因,以探讨有效的针刺伤防护策略。方法回顾性调查某院2013年1月—2015年12月医院感染管理科登记的针刺伤案例并进行分析。结果共发生164例针刺伤,其中医生71名(43.29%),护士81名(49.39%),其他医务人员12名(7.32%)。2013年发生针刺伤事件47例(28.66%),2014年54例(32.93%),2015年63例(38.41%)。医疗器械为受污染器械的有152例(92.68%),医疗器械污染情况未知的有9例(5.49%),而未受污染的器械仅为3例(1.83%)。164例针刺伤发生地点以手术室最多(67例,占40.85%);针刺伤发生部位以手指的发生率最高(141例,占85.98%);发生针刺伤的原因以粗心、工作繁忙或者未按规范操作为主(115例,占70.12%),医生发生针刺伤的原因以工作经验不足者最多,占52.11%,护士发生针刺伤原因以粗心、工作繁忙或者未按规范操作者最多,占93.83%。结论医务人员针刺伤案例逐年增多,应加强医务人员职业防护意识,加强医院感染管理制度建设,改善医疗环境等措施减少针刺伤的发生。

ObjectiveTo investigate the condition and causes of needlestick injuries among health care workers（HCWs）, and explore effective strategies for preventing needlestick injuries. MethodsNeedlestick injuries recorded by healthcareassociated infection management department in a hospital between January 2013 and December 2015 were surveyed retrospectively. Results164 HCWs suffered needlestick injuries, including 71 （43.29%） doctors, 81 （49.39%） nurses, and 12 （7.32%） other HCWs. The number of injuries in 2013, 2014, and 2015 were 47（28.66%）, 54（32.93%）,and 63（38.41%）respectively. 152（92.68%）, 9（5.49%）,and 3（1.83%）injuries were caused by contaminated medical instruments, uncertaincontaminated medical instruments, and noncontaminated medical instruments. Among 164 cases of needlestick injuries, 67（40.85%） occurred in operating rooms, 141 （85.98%） were finger injuries; the main causes of needle stick injuries were carelessness, busy work and nonstandard manipulation（n=115, 70.12%）, most doctors suffered needle stick injuries due to the lack of experience （52.11%）, most nurses suffered needle stick injuries due to carelessness, busy work and nonstandard manipulation（93. 83%）. ConclusionNeedle stick injuries among HCWs increased year by year, strategies should be implemented to reduce the occurrence of needle injuries, including strengthening occupational protection consciousness among HCWs, strengthening construction of healthcareassociated infection management system, and improving medical environment.