自噬在慢性阻塞性肺疾病发病机制中的作用及其研究进展

Recent Developments in Autophagy in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是由于气流受限导致的进行性发展且不能逆转的肺部疾病,在全球范围内也是一种高致残率、高发病率的疾病。自噬是依赖溶酶体途径对胞质蛋白和细胞器进行降解的一种过程,主要是清除、降解细胞内受损伤的细胞结构、衰老的细胞器以及不再需要的生物大分子等。最近有研究发现自噬与COPD发病密切相关,在COPD患者中发现自噬活性增强。本文就自噬在气道、肺血管病变及肺实质中的作用及其研究进展做一综述。

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） is a progressive and irreversible lung disease due to airflow limitation with high disability and morbidity rates. Autophagy is a degradation process of cytoplasmic proteins and organelles through lysosomal pathway, in which the damaged cell structure, aging organelles and no longer needed biomacromolecules are cleaned out. Recently, it has been found that autophagy is closely related to the pathogenesis of COPD, and the autophagy activity is enhanced in COPD patients. In this paper, the recent developments in the role of autophagy in airway, pulmonary vascular disease and lung parenchyma is reviewed.