太阳能—毛细管蓄放热系统的性能研究

Study on performance of solar energy-capillary heat storage and release system

[目的]研究解决日光温室冬季夜间温度过低,难以满足作物正常生长需求的问题。[方法]在前人研究成果的基础上,设计并建造了一种以毛细管为热交换器的太阳能-毛细管蓄放热系统,该系统以水为蓄热介质,通过水循环将白昼温室过余的太阳能存储在水中;夜间再通过水循环将热量释放回温室中,起到增温效果。[结果]在晴朗天气下,白昼水温升温明显,可提高4.9℃以上水温,蓄热量在207.8MJ以上,单位蓄热量可达5.0MJ·m^(-2);在放热阶段,放热量在110~140MJ之间,夜间可提高室内气温2.7℃以上。[结论]增温效果显著,表明系统可以有效地实现热量在空间、时间上的转移、利用,达到削峰填谷的作用。

[Objective]In winter, the air temperature of greenhouse at night can not meet the appropriate temperature the plants need.[ Methods]Thus, the solar energy-capillary heat storage and release system which capillary was used as heat exchanger was designed. In this system, the water was used as heat storage medium, the heat was collected and stored in the water through water circulation during daytime; and the greenhouse temperature increased at night due to the soil heat releasing thougt water circulation. [Results]The result showed that the water temperature increased significantly in clear weather, can be heightened 4.9℃ at least, the thermal storage heat capacity was 207.8 MJ at least, the unit thermal storage heat capacity was 5.0 MJ·m^-2 ;In heat releasing stage, the heat release capacity can reach 110 140 MJ, and the temperature in the test greenhouse was improved by 2.7 ℃. [Conclusion]The above results indicate that the system can effectively improve the air temperature, storage the extra solar energy for warmer the greenhouse at night, can transfer and utilize the heat in time and space effectively, reach the aim of peak load shifting.