高温超导磁悬浮车研究进展

Recent Development of High-Temperature Superconducting Maglev

从1911年发现超导现象至今,新型超导材料不断涌现。随着临界温度及内部磁通钉扎性能不断提升,实用型超导磁悬浮技术成为可能。首先介绍了当前主要的磁悬浮交通模式及其特点,具体包括常导电磁悬浮(EMS,Electromagnetic Suspension)、低温超导电动磁悬浮(LTS EDS,Low-Temperature Superconducting Electrodynamic Suspension)、及高温超导磁悬浮(HTS Maglev,High-Temperature Superconducting Magnetic Levitation)。其次,针对高温超导磁悬浮,重点阐述了其自稳定悬浮原理、发展历程以及相关实验样车研究现状。2014年6月西南交通大学将高温超导磁悬浮与真空管道相结合,成功搭建了新一代的真空管道高温超导磁悬浮车试验平台"Super-Maglev",以期探讨高温超导磁悬浮未来可能的交通模式与技术定位等问题。最后,总结了高温超导磁悬浮相比于其他磁悬浮模式的优势,并进一步讨论了可能的轨道交通应用速度等级。

New superconductor materials have been constantly found since the discovery of superconductivity in 1911. With the critical temperature and inherent flux - pinning property improved continually, the practical superconducting magnetic levitation （maglev） technology became possible. Firstly, the main maglev transportation methods and their characteristics are introduced. They are electromagnetic suspension （EMS）, low- temperature superconducting electrodynamic suspension （LTS EDS）, and high -temperature superconducting Maglev （HTS Maglev）. Secondly, the development history and the state of the art of HTS Maglev around the world are emphasized and described in detail by focusing on its self - stable levitation characteristics. In June 2014, Southwest Jiaotong University built a test platform for HTS Maglev -Evacuated tube transport （HTS Maglev- ETT）, ＂Super- Maglev＂. Based on the ＂Super- Maglev＂, the HTS Maglev and the ETr concepts had been successfully combined. Finally, the prominent advantages of the HTS Maglev are summarized and compared with other Maglev technologies. Furthermore, several potential rail transit applications with different speeds are proposed and discussed in order to gain accesses to the markets.