库岸带植物群落生态特征与植被生态恢复设计研究——以重庆市开州区鲤鱼塘水库为例

Vegetation Ecology and Restoration Design of Reservoir Bank:A Case Study of Liyutang Reservoir in Kaizhou District of Chongqing

以重庆东北部开州区鲤鱼塘水库为例,对库岸带植被生态特征与恢复设计进行研究。环绕库岸带对植被进行实地踏查,选取6个样地,每个样地设置3条样线,对库岸带的乔木、灌木、草本群落进行样方调查,计算植物群落的物种丰富度指数、多样性指数和均匀度指数。调查共记录高等维管植物80科215属264种,分析发现鲤鱼塘水库库岸带植物物种多样性小,且不同地段相差较大。以植被调查结果为依据,结合鲤鱼塘水库地形地貌,对库岸带植被生态进行恢复设计。通过设计以期获得植被生态恢复、生物多样性增加、水土流失减少、环境美化等生态-社会-经济的综合效益。

Taking Liyutang reservoir in Kaizhou as an example, this paper studies the vegetation ecology and restoration design of the reservoir bank. A total of six plots were selected for the vegetation survey, and three sample lines were set up for each plot. Trees, shrubs and herbs of the banks were sampled and the Gleason index, Shan- non-Wiener index and Pielou index of each plot were calculated. The survey recorded a total of 80 families, 215 genera and 264 species. The index analysis shows that diversity of plant species in the reservoir bank is small, and there is a large difference between different plots. Based on the result of the vegetation survey, combined with the geomorphology of the Liyutang reservoir, the writers of the article carried out the reservoir restoration design. According to the design, on the left bank gentle slope area is designed with a multi-band structure, supplemented by plant configuration, and a gentle slope will be built on the right steep bank by flattening slope and filling in bamboo caged stone, and trees will be planted along the bank. The design is expected to bring comprehensive eco-socio- economic benefit through restoration of ecology, increase of bio-diversity, reduction of water loss and soil erosion, and beautification of environment.