超声空化-表面活性剂水溶法提取RDX/Al/AP/HTPB炸药中的AP

Extraction of AP in RDX/Al/AP/HTPB Explosive by Ultrasonic Cavitation-surfactant Water Dissolution Method

为了对RDX/Al/AP/HTPB炸药的有效成分进行分离回收,研究了以超声空化-表面活性剂水溶法提取RDX/Al/AP/HTPB炸药中高氯酸铵(AP)的分离工艺,探讨了各工艺参数对AP提取率的影响。结果表明,表面活性剂浓度、提取时间和超声频率是影响AP提取率的主要因素,表面活性剂种类为次要因素,料液质量比和提取次数对AP提取率的影响很小。最佳工艺条件为:室温,提取时间40min,料液质量比1∶3,提取次数1次,超声功率3.0kW,表面活性剂为吐温80(质量分数2.0%)。

To perform the separation and recovery of effective components in RDX/Al/AP/HTPB explosive,the separation process of extracting ammonium perchlorate(AP)in RDX/Al/AP/HTPB explosive by an ultrasonic cavitation-surfactant water dissolution method was studied.The effects of various processing parameters on the extraction rate of AP were discussed.The results show that the surfactant concentration,extraction time and ultrasonic frequency are the main factors affecting the extraction of AP,the type of surfactant is the secondary factor.The effect of ratio of material and solvent and extraction time on the extraction of AP is very little.The optimum processing conditions are as follows:room temperature,extraction time 40 min,mass ratio of material and solvent 1∶3,extraction degree one time,ultrasonic power 3.0kW,Twain 80 with mass fraction of 2.0% as surfactant.