抽象化与具体化——英汉表达方法认知对比与翻译中的范畴转换

Abstraction vs. Concretization:A Cognitive Contrastive Study of the Expression in English and Chinese and the Category Transfer in the Translation

本文研究英汉语言抽象化和具体化表达方法认知倾向与翻译中的范畴转换。在英汉词汇选择和语法选择认知倾向对比基础上,探讨英汉翻译中范畴转换的认知扫描过程倾向,旨在为英汉翻译理论、方法和实践提供一个新的视角。研究表明:英汉翻译范畴转换的认知扫描过程倾向为S(抽象化)>T(具体化)=V;而汉英翻译范畴转换的认知扫描过程倾向为S(具体化)<T(抽象化)=V。英汉互译中抽象和具体的范畴转换导致了原文和译文的差值V(value),即原文和译文在抽象和具体范畴方面的非等值关系。

This paper makes a study of the cognitive tendency of English abstraction and Chinese concretization and the category transfer in the translation between English and Chinese with a view of providing a new perspective to the theory,methodology and practice in the translation. The cognitive scanning tendency of the category transfer in translation between English and Chinese is discussed in light of the English and Chinese cognitive differences in lexical and grammatical choices with the result that the cognitive scanning tendency of the category transfer in E-C translation is S （ abstraction） 〉T （ concretization） =V, and in C-E translation is S （concretization） 〈T （abstraction） =V. The category transfer in translation between English and Chinese results in the V （value） between the source text and the target text in terms of the category equivalence.