能量来源对五指山猪生长性能、初情期日龄及子宫和卵巢组织发育的影响

Effects of Different Energy Sources on Growth Performance,Age of Puberty,and Uterus and Ovarian Development for Wuzhishan Pigs

为了研究不同能量来源对五指山猪生长性能、初情期日龄及子宫和卵巢组织发育影响,本试验选用30头体重接近的五指山断奶仔猪,随机分为3组,试验猪分别饲喂添加5%木薯淀粉、3%椰子油和3%椰子油+0.8%亚麻籽粉的日粮,分析了生长性能、子宫以及卵巢组织发育等相关指标。结果表明,椰子油组和椰子油+亚麻籽粉组显著增加5kg~初情期猪平均日增重(P<0.05)。日粮中添加椰子油可显著增加初情期背膘厚度(P<0.05),及早启动后备母猪初情期,比椰子油+亚麻籽粉组和木薯淀粉组分别提前了(9±3.1)d和(8±1.8)d(P<0.05)。与其它两个组相比,椰子油可显著增加五指山猪子宫重(P<0.05)、子宫角和子宫体长(P<0.05)。椰子油和椰子油+亚麻籽粉组组输卵管长度(P<0.05)显著高于木薯淀粉组,椰子油+亚麻籽粉组大卵泡数(P<0.05)显著高于椰子油组和木薯淀粉组。结果提示,富含椰子油日粮可显著提高五指山猪生长性能、及早启动初情期、促进卵巢和子宫组织发育,而富含亚麻籽日粮可显著促进母猪排卵。

The main objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of different energy sources on growth performance,age of puberty,and uterus and ovarian development for Wuzhishan pigs.According to single factor experiment design,thirty Wuzhishan sows with similar bodyweight were assigned to three groups.Piglets in three groups were fed diets supplemented with 5% cassawa starch,3% coconut oil,and 3% coconut oil＋0.8% flaxseed meal.The results showed that piglets fed diet supplemented with 3% coconut oil and 3% coconut oil＋0.8% flaxseed meal had higher average daily gain（ADG）（P〈0.05）of 5kg^puberty phase.Supplementation with 3% coconut oil significantly increased back fat thickness（P〈0.05）,and influenced the age at puberty which was 9±3.1 and 8±1.8 days earlier than that of 3% coconut oil＋0.8% flaxseed meal and 5% cassawa starch groups（P〈0.05）.Compared with other two groups,the weights of uterus,uterine horn,and uterine body length（P〈0.05）during puberty were significantly increased in coconut oil group.The fallopian tube length（P〈0.05）was higher in 3% coconut oil and 3% coconut oil＋0.8% group than 5% cassawa starch group.Supplementation with 3% coconut oil＋0.8% flaxseed meal significantly increased large follicles（P〈0.05）.These results suggest that the addition of fat rich diet for Wuzhishan pig could improve the growth performance,increase back fat thickness and facilitate puberty onset,pectin rich diet could enhance ovulation.