家庭体育环境影响青少年锻炼行为的模型及执行路径:整合理论视角

The Model and Execution Path of Family Sports Environment Affecting Teenagers' Exercise Behavior:A Perspective of Integration Theory

青少年锻炼行为的减少,引起了各界的广泛关注。为了促进青少年的体育锻炼,实现健康目标,通过对期望价值理论、自我决定理论和社会生态模型的分析,在相关研究的基础上,从家庭视角论证了整合理论的可能性,提出了将家庭环境层面与个体心理层面相联结的理论模型。该模型为促进青少年锻炼行为提供了可执行的路径:(1)培养学生终生体育锻炼的习惯,需要将家庭体育教育与学校体育教育无缝连接,树立父母正确的锻炼信念是关键;(2)支持性的家庭体育行为环境是动力;(3)促进性的家庭体育物理是保障。三者激发了青少年锻炼动机,实现家庭体育环境与锻炼动机共同促进青少年锻炼行为,保证青少年锻炼行为的可持续性,进而切实改善青少年的体质水平。

The reduction of the adolescents' exercise behavior has aroused widespread concern. In order to promote the physical exercise of the adolescents and achieve the health goal,this study used the theoretical analysis of the expectation value theory,self-determination theory and social ecological model to demonstrate the possibility of integration theory from the family perspective based on the basis of relevant research. This study proposed a theoretical model that integrating family environment and individual psychological level. This model provided a executable path to promote the adolescents' exercise behavior:(1) cultivating the students' lifelong physical exercise habit will need seamless connection between family physical education and school physical education. Establishing the parent's correct exercise belief was the key;(2) supportive family sports behavior environment form parents was motive power;(3) family sports physical environment that parents providing was guarantee. These three stimulated the teenagers' exercise motivation,realized the connection of family sports environment and exercise motivation to promote the adolescents' exercise behavior,which ensured the sustainability of the adolescents' exercise behavior and improved the adolescents' physique level.