盘锦市稻田水分生产率及水分生产函数研究

A study on the rice paddy water productivity and water production function in Panjin

为寻找提高灌溉水分生产率的途径和突破口,采用统计资料、卫星遥感数据和地面气象数据相结合的方法,计算了2005—2013年间盘锦市稻田面积上水稻生育期内的有效降水量、蒸发蒸腾量、各年稻田的总灌溉耗水量,以及稻田蒸发蒸腾水分生产率和灌溉水分生产率,并建立以地级市为单元水稻水分生产函数。结果表明,近9年来盘锦稻田蒸发蒸腾和灌溉水分生产率年平均值分别为2.718、1.170kg/m^3;水稻生育期内的年平均蒸发蒸腾量为341.2mm,年有效降水量为139.3mm,年平均灌溉耗水量为720.4mm,有效降水对蒸发蒸腾量的贡献率为40.8%,灌溉对蒸发蒸腾量的贡献率为59.2%;修正的Jensen模型适合于盘锦市多年间稻田面积上"作物-水分"关系表达,统计值和模拟值线性关系显著,7月份敏感指数最小,9月份敏感指数最大。本研究旨在为区域稻田蒸发蒸腾量不同水分来源的构成分析及Jensen模型在区域中的应用提供思路和借鉴。

In order to find a new way to raise the water productivity, the effective precipitation, evapotranspiration （Et ） of rice growth season and irrigation water （I） in each year were calculated from 2005 to 2013 for rice field in Panjin based on the statisti-cal data, satellite remote data and ground meteorological data. The water productivity base on Et and I were also calculated re-spectively. Meanwhile, rice water production function was developed based on a unit of Panjin The results showed that these two different water productivity averages were 2. 718 and 1. 170 kg/m3, respectively. The average evapotranspiration of rice field for each growth season was 341. 2 mm and the corresponding effective precipitation was 139. 3 mm. The average annual of con-sumption irrigation water was 720. 4 mm and the effective precipitation＇s contribution to E^r was 40. 8%. The irrigation＇s contri-bution to the E^r was 59. 2%. Jensen model was suitable for Panjin years ＂crop - water＂ relationship expression of the paddy field area. Statistics and simulation values can be described by a linear relationship. The sensitive index was the highest in July and the smallest in September. The study provided a unique approach for the analysis of different water sources in Et of regional paddy field and an example of Jensen model application in the regional area.