方言接触引发的语法演变

Grammatical Change Induced by Dialect Contact

接触引发的语法演变是指由语言或方言之间的接触导致的,方言接触引发的语法演变结果及表现有语法成分的替代、增加、融合和叠置等。在同义语法成分中,使用最普遍的成分容易被异方言所借用,当语法成分被借用后,句末位置相对容易吸收源方言的对应成分,并呈现出由句末向句中扩散的趋势。多功能语法形式借用或退出时,其不同用法并不是同时被借用或退出。方言间接触引发的语法演变机制主要有语法借用、接触引发的语法化和构式拷贝。

Grammatical change caused by dialect contact refers to the evolution of grammar caused by the contact between different languages or dialects.The results of grammatical evolution are the replacement,addition,blending and overlapping of the grammatical components.In synonymous grammatical components,the most commonly used components tend to be borrowed by a different dialect.After being borrowed,the end of the sentence is relatively easy to absorb the corresponding components of the dialect,and it shows the tendency of extending from the end of sentence to the middle of the sentence.When a multifunctional grammatical form is borrowed or dropped out,its different usage will not be borrowed or dropped out at the same time.The grammatical evolution mechanisms caused by inter-dialect contact mainly include grammatical borrowing,contact induced grammaticalization and constructional copying.