伍子胥“掘墓鞭尸”及其证伪

Wu Zixu's Incident of “Ruining Tomb and Whipping Carcass” and a Testimony of Its Falsity

文章针对世传伍子胥"掘墓鞭尸"事,对现存相关历史文献记载按年代顺序进行梳理并发现,古代史事记载最权威的历史著作《春秋经》《左传》以及《国语》等对此均未作记载,而《吕氏春秋》《淮南子》《榖梁传》等只记载"鞭坟""鞭墓""挞墓"等,至《史记》才出现"鞭尸"。唐司马贞和明末清初的顾炎武都对伍子胥"掘墓鞭尸"提出质疑。对历史层累记载的梳理结果或已说明:"掘墓鞭尸"乃为后世复仇之风炽盛时代所杜撰并加诸伍子胥头上的不实之辞。

The incident of Wu Zixu “ruining tomb and whipping carcass” circulated in China. The author made a chronological study of the existing historical records, and discovered that the authoritative historical works such as The Classic Scripture of Spring and Autumn Annals and The Commentary of Zuo and Guo Yu had no record of the incident. Master Lv’s Spring and Autumn Annals, Huai Nan Zi and Guliang Zhuan simply recorded it as “whipping grave”, “whipping tomb” and “lashing tomb”. “Whipping carcass” appeared later in Records of the Grand Historian. Sima Zhen of the Tang Dynasty and Gu Yanwu living during the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty threw doubt on Wu Zixu “Ruining Tomb and Whipping Carcass”. The research results based on the accumulated historical records provide the probability that “Ruining Tomb and Whipping Carcass” is a false story fabricated when there was a strong tendency towards revenge, and that it is was imposed on Wu Zixu.